Most Texas LLCs are built wrong from day one.

Online filing services charge a few hundred dollars to push a Certificate of Formation through the Texas Secretary of State and call it a day. What they do not do is decide whether you should be an S-Corp or a C-Corp for tax, draft an operating agreement that actually reflects how the founders share control, register you with the Texas Comptroller, or build in the optionality you will need when you bring on an investor, partner, or acquirer two years from now.

The damage is invisible until something goes wrong - and by then the cost of fixing it is roughly ten times what it would have cost to set up correctly. We see this almost every week with founders who arrive after a co-founder dispute, a tax bill they did not expect, or a term sheet that will not close because the cap table is a mess.

What is included in a Sterling & Hayes formation

Entity selection & tax structure

We compare LLC, S-Corp election, C-Corp, and series LLC against your revenue profile, partner count, hiring plans, and any anticipated outside capital. The recommendation is in writing with the trade-offs spelled out.

Certificate of Formation

Drafted and filed with the Texas Secretary of State with the correct purpose clause, management structure (member-managed vs manager-managed), and registered agent designation.

Custom operating agreement

Drafted from scratch for your facts - not a template. Covers capital contributions, distributions, voting thresholds, transfer restrictions, drag-along and tag-along rights, deadlock resolution, and buy-sell on death, disability, or departure.

EIN & tax registrations

We obtain your federal Employer Identification Number, file the S-Corp election on Form 2553 if appropriate, and register the entity with the Texas Comptroller for franchise tax and sales tax where required.

Registered agent

Sterling & Hayes serves as your registered agent at our downtown Austin office for the first year at no extra cost. Service of process gets to a lawyer the same day, not into spam.

Asset protection & banking pack

Founder resolutions, banking resolutions, member certificates, and an opinion letter for your bank. You walk away with everything your CPA, banker, and future investor will ask for.

Who this is for

This service was built for the people we actually see on intake calls every week: an Austin restaurateur opening location number two, a SaaS founder hiring their fifth employee, a real-estate syndicator setting up a series LLC for a new property, a consultancy converting from a sole proprietorship before tax season. We work with single-member LLCs through founder teams of four or five.

  • Single-member LLCs converting from a sole proprietorship
  • Two- to five-founder startups setting up before a friends-and-family round
  • Real-estate investors and syndicators using series LLCs across properties
  • Service businesses and consultancies hitting the income level where S-Corp election starts to pay off
  • Out-of-state founders relocating their business to Austin or expanding into Texas
Sterling and Hayes attorneys reviewing Texas LLC formation documents in their downtown Austin office Downtown Austin Office

Our four-step formation process

  1. Structuring call. We talk through your business, partners, revenue, hiring plans, and any outside capital you might raise. We confirm Texas LLC is the right vehicle and recommend a tax election in writing.
  2. Document drafting. You receive a draft Certificate of Formation and a custom operating agreement within five business days, along with a one-page summary explaining every meaningful decision.
  3. Filing and registration. Once you approve, we file with the Secretary of State, request your EIN, file your S-Corp election if applicable, and register you with the Texas Comptroller.
  4. Founder kit handoff. You receive a digital and printed founder kit with the filed certificate, operating agreement, EIN letter, banking resolutions, member certificates, and a checklist for the next 90 days.

Common scenarios we handle

The sole proprietor finally upgrading

You have been freelancing or contracting on a 1099 and your CPA told you that, above a certain income level, an S-Corp election will save you self-employment tax. We confirm the math, form the LLC, and file Form 2553 with the IRS - all within the 75-day window that makes the election retroactive to formation.

The two-founder startup pre-fundraise

You and a co-founder are building toward a friends-and-family or SAFE round. The LLC needs to be a clean vehicle that can convert to a Delaware C-Corp when an institutional investor shows up. We build the operating agreement with that conversion path explicitly in mind.

The series LLC for real estate

You are buying multiple properties and want each one isolated from the others for liability purposes without paying a state fee per LLC. The Texas series LLC is the right structure when set up correctly with separate books, separate bank accounts, and a master operating agreement that the title company will accept.

Why Sterling & Hayes

Every Texas LLC formation we file is signed by a partner who has been practicing Texas business law for at least eight years. We are not an automated filing service with a lawyer name on the website. We answer the phone, we explain trade-offs in plain English, and we build the entity in a way that holds up when a real investor or acquirer puts your documents under a microscope.

Frequently Asked

LLC formation, answered.

How long does Texas LLC formation take?

Standard online filing of the Texas Certificate of Formation with the Secretary of State is typically processed in three to five business days. Expedited processing is available for an additional state fee and usually returns in one to two business days. If you also need an EIN, S-Corp election, and operating agreement, plan on about two weeks end-to-end for the full founder kit.

Should I file my LLC in Delaware or Texas?

If your business is operating in Texas, you almost always want to form in Texas. Delaware adds a foreign-qualification filing in Texas, a Delaware franchise tax, and a Delaware registered agent on top of your Texas obligations. Delaware really only pays off for venture-funded companies whose institutional investors require it for a future priced round, and even then we typically convert from a Texas LLC to a Delaware C-Corp at that point - not before.

Do I really need an operating agreement?

Texas does not require one to file the LLC, but skipping it is one of the most expensive mistakes founders make. Without a written agreement, your LLC defaults to the Texas Business Organizations Code, which rarely matches what the owners actually intended around voting, distributions, transfers, and dispute resolution. A real operating agreement also unlocks the asset protection and tax flexibility that made you choose an LLC in the first place.

What is the Texas franchise tax and does my LLC owe it?

The Texas franchise tax is an annual privilege tax administered by the Comptroller. Most small businesses fall below the no-tax-due threshold but still must file a Public Information Report and a No Tax Due Report each year by May 15. Missing those filings is the single most common reason Texas LLCs lose their good standing - and reinstating after forfeiture costs significantly more than just filing on time.

Can I convert my LLC to a corporation later if I raise venture capital?

Yes. Texas allows a statutory conversion from an LLC to a corporation through a Certificate of Conversion, and a clean conversion typically takes two to four weeks. We commonly run this play right before a priced round so founders retain the LLC tax flexibility for as long as possible. The conversion preserves the entity's tax ID, contracts, and history - it is not a new company.

What is a series LLC and when should I use one?

A Texas series LLC lets you create internal "series" inside a single LLC, each with its own assets and liability shield, without forming separate entities at the state level. It is heavily used by real-estate investors to isolate properties from each other. Done correctly - with separate books, separate bank accounts, and a master operating agreement - it works well. Done sloppily, it collapses in litigation.

Ready to form your Texas LLC the right way?

Schedule a 30-minute consultation. We will confirm the right structure, tax election, and timeline before you spend a dollar with the Secretary of State.

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